2008年10月19日日曜日

Power Law:(5)1/f Fluctuation, or 1/f Noise?

ゆらぎの世界―自然界の1/fゆらぎの不思議 (ブルーバックス 442) 武者 利光 (新書 - 1980/1)

本書の図から、べき乗式を得る。
アロメトリー式(Allometric Expression)は、生物関連用語なので、
べき乗式(Power Law Expression)に変更する。

The Power Law Expression is obtained from figure in this book.
Because 'Allometric Expression' is a term related to
the living thing, it changes to 'Power Law Expression'.
~~~
[チェックする図の一覧, List of checked figure]
:何故か、表を入れると、無意味な空白ができる。表は下にあります。
A meaningless blank can be done by putting the table. Why?
There is a table below.
































































Order



Figure/Page


Title

1
Fig.2-15
p.60
日本の都市の人口順位
Population order of city in Japan
2
Fig.2-16
p.61
日本の湖の面積順位
Area order of lake in Japan
3
Fig.2-17
p.62
英語における単語の出現頻度順位
Appearance frequency order of word in English
4
Fig.2-18
p.63
日本の年間輸入額の国別順位(1978)
Classification by countries order of amount of import during year of Japan(1978)
5
Fig.4-1
p.108
300kΩの抵抗に電流を流したときの雑音電圧パワー・スペクトル
Noise voltage power spectrum when resistance's of 300kΩ passing an electric current
6
Fig.4-3
p.111
ツェナー・ダイオードの電圧ゆらぎ
Voltage fluctuation of Zener diode
7
Fig.4-10
p.123
水晶発信器の周波数ゆらぎのパワー・スペクトル
Power spectrum of frequency fluctuation of crystal transmitter
8
Fig.4-12
p.125
宇宙線(陽子)の数のゆらぎスペクトル
Fluctuation spectra of number of cosmic rays (proton)
9
Fig.4-14
p.128
暴風時の風速のパワー・スペクトル(海上80.8メートル)
Power spectrum of velocity of the wind at storm(80.8 meters in sea)
10
Fig.5-33
p.175
カエルの座骨神経の膜電位ゆらぎスペクトル
Film potential fluctuation spectrum of frog's hucklebone nerve
11
Fig.5-39
p.182
三種類の路面凹凸のパワー・スペクトル, (a)非舗装路(b)砂砂利(c)舗装路
Power spectrum of three kinds of road ruggedness, (a)Non-pavement road (b) sand gravel (c) pavement road



~~~
[べき乗式のA,Bの値の一覧, List of value of A and B of Power Law Expression]
Power Law Expression : y=B*x^(A)
:何故か、表を入れると、無意味な空白ができる。表は下にあります。
A meaningless blank can be done by putting the table. Why?
There is a table below.










































































































Order



Figure


B


A

1
Fig.2-15
20.75
-1.0123
2
Fig.2-16(1)
18.52
-0.991
2
Fig.2-16(2)
24.926
-1.092
3
Fig.2-17
1e4
-1.0
4
Fig.2-18
17.635
-1.013
5
Fig.4-1
200-0.767
6
Fig.4-3
5.337e4
-1.1818
7
Fig.4-10
63.065-1.035
8
Fig.4-12
100-1.0
9
Fig.4-14
74-1.246
10
Fig.5-33
5.62e3-1.0
11
Fig.5-39(a)
104660
-3.21
11
Fig.5-39(b)
4102.56
-2.457
11
Fig.5-39(c)
5.95e3
-2.416
12
Power
Law(3)

15.5
-0.29758
13
Power
Law(4)

58.214
-0.353



~~~
[A、Bの相関図, Correlation diagram of A and B]
x=LN(ABS(A)), y=LN(B)


A=-1で、転移?すると、BOOK:SYNC(p.72)の
ウィーナー仮説(Wiener Hypothesis)のグラフに類似しているような、、、
When metastasizing by A=-1,
It resembles the graph of the Winer hypothesis of BOOK:SYNC(p.72).

SYNC
SYNC (単行本)スティーヴン・ストロガッツ (著), 蔵本由紀 (翻訳), 長尾力 (翻訳)
Sync: The Emerging Science of Spontaneous Order (Hardcover)
by Steven H. Strogatz (Author)

~~~
以下、詳細を示す。
Hereafter, details are shown.

-----------------------------------------------
[1]p.60,Fig.2-15, 日本の都市の人口順位, Population order of city in Japan

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
:none.
~~~
(logx, logy)=(1, 830),(20, 40)
=(1, 830/40),(20, 1)
=(1, 20.75),(20, 1)
A=-1.0123
B=20.75

-----------------------------------------------
[2]p.61,Fig.2-16, 日本の湖の面積順位, Area order of lake in Japan

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
:none.
~~~
(1)図の直線, in case of straight line of figure.
(logx, logy)=(1, 500),(19, 27)
=(1, 500/27),(19, 1)
=(1, 18.52),(19, 1)
A=-0.991
B=18.52

(2)一位の琵琶湖にあわせる, It puts it together on Biwako in the first place.
(logx, logy)=(1, 673),(19, 27)
=(1, 673/27),(19, 1)
=(1, 24.926),(19, 1)
A=-1.092
B=24.926

-----------------------------------------------
[3]p.62,Fig.2-17, 英語における単語の出現頻度順位, Appearance frequency order of word in English

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
:none.
~~~
(logx, logy)=(1, 0.1),(1e4, 1e-5)
=(1, 0.1/1e-5),(1e4, 1)
=(1, 1e4),(1e4, 1)
A=-1.0
B=1e4

-----------------------------------------------
[4]p.63,Fig.2-18, 日本の年間輸入額の国別順位(1978), Classification by countries order of amount of import during year of Japan(1978)

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
y:8.5mm/34.5mm->10^(8.5/34.5)->1.7635*1e4
~~~
(logx, logy)=(1, 1.7635e4),(17, 1e3)
=(1, 1.7635e4/1e3),(17, 1)
=(1, 17.635),(17, 1)
A=-1.013
B=17.635

-----------------------------------------------
[5]p.108,Fig.4-1, 300kΩの抵抗に電流を流したときの雑音電圧パワー・スペクトル, Noise voltage power spectrum when resistance's of 300kΩ passing an electric current

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
y:(20-6)/20->5*1e-1
~~~
(logx, logy)=(1e1, 100),(1e2, 5e-1)
=(1, 100/5e-1),(1e2/1e-1, 1)
=(1, 200),(1e3, 1)
A=-0.767
B=200

-----------------------------------------------
[6]p.111,Fig.4-3, ツェナー・ダイオードの電圧ゆらぎ, Voltage fluctuation of Zener diode

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
y:8/11->5.337*1e-9
~~~
(logx, logy)=(1e-4, 5.337e-9),(1, 1e-13)
=(1, 5.337e-9/1e-13),(1/1e-4, 1)
=(1, 5.337e4),(1e4, 1)
A=-1.1818
B=5.337e4

-----------------------------------------------
[7]p.123,Fig.4-10, 水晶発信器の周波数ゆらぎのパワー・スペクトル, Power spectrum of frequency fluctuation of crystal transmitter

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
y:5/12.5->2.51*1e-13
y:7.5/12->3.98*1e-15
x:(23-17)/23->1.823*1e-7
~~~

(logx, logy)=(1.823e-7, 2.51e-13),(1e-5, 3.98e-15)
=(1, 2.51e-13/3.98e-15),(1e-5/1.823e-7, 1)
=(1, 63.065),(54.85, 1)
A=-1.035
B=63.065

-----------------------------------------------
[8]p.125,Fig.4-12, 宇宙線(陽子)の数のゆらぎスペクトル, Fluctuation spectra of number of cosmic rays (proton)

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
:none.
~~~
パイオニア7号:Pioneer No.7
(logx, logy)=(1e-6, 1e5),(1e-4, 1e3)
=(1, 1e5/1e3),(1e-4/1e-6, 1)
=(1, 100),(100, 1)
A=-1.0
B=100

-----------------------------------------------
[9]p.128,Fig.4-14, 暴風時の風速のパワー・スペクトル(海上80.8メートル), Power spectrum of velocity of the wind at storm(80.8 meters in sea)

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
y:10/11.5->7.4*1e2
x:11/22->3.162*1e-1
~~~
(logx, logy)=(1e-2, 7.4e2),(3.162e-1, 10)
=(1, 7.4e2/10),(3.162e-1/1e-2, 1)
=(1, 74),(31.62, 1)
A=-1.246
B=74

-----------------------------------------------
[10]p.175,Fig.5-33, カエルの座骨神経の膜電位ゆらぎスペクトル, Film potential fluctuation spectrum of frog's hucklebone nerve

~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
y:7.5/10->5.62*1e-10
x:7.5/10->5.62*1e3
~~~
(logx, logy)=(1, 5.62e-10),(5.62e3, 1e-13)
=(1, 5.62e-10/1e-13),(5.62e3, 1)
=(1, 5.62e3),(5.62e3, 1)
A=-1.0
B=5.62e3

-----------------------------------------------
[11]p.182,Fig.5-39, 三種類の路面凹凸のパワー・スペクトル, Power spectrum of three kinds of road ruggedness (a)非舗装路(b)砂砂利(c)舗装路, (a)Non-pavement road (b) sand gravel (c) pavement road

(a)
~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
y:27.5/16->52.33*1e3
y:(16-4.8)/16->5*1e-1
x:9/16->3.65*1
~~~
(logx, logy)=(0.1, 52.33e3),(3.65, 5e-1)
=(1, 52.33e3/5e-1),(3.65/0.1, 1)
=(1, 104660),(36.5, 1)
A=-3.21
B=104660


(b)
~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
y:14/15.5->8*1e3
y:(15.5-11)/15.5=1.95*1
x:8/17->2.955*1

~~~
(logx, logy)=(0.1, 8e3),(2.955, 1.95)
=(0.1, 8e3/1.95),(2.955/0.1, 1)
=(0.1, 4102.56),(2.955e1, 1)
A=-2.457
B=4102.56

(c)
~~~
reading point in figure) as memo.
y:12/15.5->5.95*1e2
x:9/16->3.65*1
~~~
(logx, logy)=(0.1, 5.95e2),(3.65, 0.1)
=(1, 5.95e2/0.1),(3.65/0.1, 1)
=(1, 5.95e3),(3.65e1, 1)
A=-2.416
B=5.95e3

-----------------------------------------------
祝!ブログ100号
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